ABOUT     |     CONTACT     |     CAREER     |     BLOG     |     For sales & dealership enquiries call icon +91-99718-90006

The Importance of Proper Maintenance of Firefighting Equipment

Keeping firefighting equipment in good condition is essential to protect and secure individuals and their assets. Keeping firefighting equipment in suitable condition safeguards and connects individuals and their support. The presence of appropriate equipment can significantly impact one’s chances of survival or death during a fire emergency. By conducting routine upkeep and evaluations, it can be ensured that firefighting gear such as fire extinguishers, smoke alarms, sprinklers, hoses, and hydrants are performing adequately.
 Insufficient equipment maintenance can result in either malfunction or failure during emergencies, giving rise to catastrophic consequences. Ensuring the safety of individuals and possessions from the dangers of fire is important. It is essential to implement precautions and prioritize the maintenance of firefighting equipment to a great extent.

5 Key Benefits of Proper Maintenance of Firefighting Equipment

  1. Reliable Operation: The firefighting gear should always be in a state of readiness to function efficiently. Regular upkeep guarantees that the equipment is functioning optimally, ensuring its dependability during times of necessity. Ensuring that machines are working correctly becomes even more crucial in critical situations as it can mean the difference between survival and fatality.
  2. Compliance with Regulations: Conforming Firefighting Equipment to rigorous regulations established by diverse regulatory entities is imperative. Conducting routine maintenance ensures that the equipment adheres to pertinent regulations, thereby Diminishing the possibility of being issued fines or facing legal consequences for non-compliance.
  3. Extended Equipment Life: By performing routine maintenance, potential issues with firefighting equipment can be identified and resolved before they escalate, ultimately extending the equipment’s lifespan. By carrying out preventive care, it is possible to minimize expenses associated with repairing or replacing equipment while prolonging its useful life. 
  4. Cost Savings: Maintenance activities can effectively decrease costs by mitigating the need for costly repairs or replacements. Exhibiting a steadfast commitment towards safeguarding their firefighting gear could potentially yield reduced insurance premiums, given that enterprises know that insurance companies dispense such benefits.
  5. Peace of Mind: Occupants of buildings and proprietors can ensure their safety when conscious of the optimal working state of firefighting equipment. In a fire, make sure the occupants are safe and that the equipment deployed is reliable and will perform the following intended functionality, mitigating the likelihood of injury or property damage.

Also read :Different Stages of Fire
In conclusion, Maintaining firefighting equipment is crucial for fire safety. Neglect can endanger people and property. Regular assessments and maintenance are essential to ensure equipment is available and operating at its best. Maintaining individual accountability for fire safety, including consistent upkeep of Firefighting Equipments, is vital. Maintaining equipment is crucial for preventing fires and protecting our communities. Preventative measures via maintenance are better than corrective actions. Proper upkeep of firefighting equipment helps reduce fires.

Common Electrical Panel Problems and How to Solve Them

Electrical Panels distribute power from the leading electrical service to the different circuits throughout your home. Issues with electrical panels may impact the functionality of your electrical system, and they may even represent a safety risk.  To assist you in maintaining the efficient and secure operation of your home’s electrical system, we will cover a few typical electrical panel issues and offer some potential cures in this answer. It’s crucial to remember that dealing with electrical systems may be dangerous. Therefore, it’s better to seek the advice of a licensed electrician if you have any questions or feel uneasy about identifying or repairing your electrical panel. 

Common Electrical Panel Problems and Solutions

There are several common electrical panel problems that homeowners may encounter, and here are some potential solutions:
  1. Circuit Breaker Stumbling Frequently: If a circuit breaker stumbles frequently, it can be due to several reasons. It might be since of an over-burden circuit, a short circuit, or ground blame. To settle this, unplug any appliances or devices on the course and attempt resetting the breaker. Call a circuit tester to analyze the issue if it continues to trip. 
  2. Burnt or Melted Wires: Burnt or melted wires are frequently caused by an over-burden circuit or a free association. If you notice burnt or melted wires in your electrical panel, turn off the power to the affected course immediately and call an electrician to repair the problem. 
  3. Corroded Connections: Over time, connections in your electrical panel can become rusty, which can cause poor conductivity and electrical issues. If you take note of corroded associations, turn off the control to the influenced circuit and clean the joins with a wire brush or contact cleaner. If the erosion is extreme, you must replace the affected components. 
  4. Old or Outdated Panel: In case your electrical board needs to be updated, it may not be able to handle the electrical requests of your household or building. This may cause visit breaker stumbling, control surges, and other issues. Consider updating to a more current, productive show in case your board needs to be updated. 
  5. Loose Connections: Loose connections in your electrical panel can cause poor conductivity, leading to overheating and other issues. If you take note of corroded associations, turn off the control to the influenced circuit and clean the joins with a wire brush or contact cleaner. If the erosion is extreme, you must replace the affected components. 
  6. Buzzing or Humming Sounds: Buzzing or humming sounds from your electrical board might show an electrical issue, such as a free association or a falling flat component. If you listen to these sounds, turn off the control to the influenced circuit and call a circuit tester to analyze and repair the issue.

Also read :Causes of fire at workplace

Conclusion

In conclusion, keeping your Electrical Panel in good condition is essential to ensure the safety and efficiency of your home’s electrical system. Remember that protection is vital when it comes to electrical work. If you experience any common electrical panel problems listed above, it is important to address them promptly to avoid further damage or potential safety hazards. 

Different Stages of Fire

Firefighting is one heck of a selfless job because firefighters save more than lives. They save the hearts and dreams embedded in the memories of a home. For Firefighters, to do their job best they have to keep the keen knowledge of the mechanics and thermodynamics of this beautiful flame as it can easily take the form of the destruction.


To get a fire under control, firefighters conduct a short assessment test which dictates all the risk factors involved. For conducting this assessment, it is important to know the different stages of the fire. Identifying the stage of fire helps them to build tactics to cope and manage the fire. Awareness of development stages of the helps teams to understand and

1. find most dynamic extinguishing method

2. minimize risk to firefighting personnel

3. predict the progression of the fire

These four stages of development are- Incipient, Growth, Fully Developed, and Decoy.

Incipient:
Incipient Fire is also called ignition fire which translates to something that ignites initiating the whole chaos. The basics understanding of fire behavior dictates that ignition requires heat, oxygen, and fuel. Once the ignition begins, the incipient fire’s development is dependent on the type of fuel involved. An ignition fire is a flame in its beginning stage. In this stage, fire can be easily be managed by any handy available equipment like portable fire extinguisher cylinders or with buckets of water. The fire wherein the visibility is diminished because of smoke present requires structured firefighting techniques to cope up with. Hence that will no longer will be called Igniting or Incipient fire.

Growth:
Growth is the stage where the more fire load starts getting involved. The oxygen from the air and available flammable or nonflammable things start adding up in the fire load to reach the fully developed stage. The growth stage is affected by many different and common factors like the ceiling height, materials available close by, thermal layering, etc. The indicators of the growth phase include the increase in room temperature, brown stains, and cracks in windows, a layer of smoke above the flame.

Flashover:
Flashover is not one of the noted or sequential stages but it an event that can be defined as the shortest event in the process of Fire development. Flashover potentially traps, injures and kills firefighters. Flashover can occur spontaneously anytime during the growth stage and before the fully developed stage. When the fire reaches the ceiling, causing the whole room to heat up, the ceiling bounces back the fire igniting the flame in everything present in the room to ignite instantly. The textbook definition of flashover is “the near-simultaneous ignition of most of the directly exposed combustible material in an enclosed area.”


Also read :Maintaining and Inspecting Fire Fighting Equipment: Ensuring Safety and Compliance

Decay:
Decay is the stage when a fire starts to diminishes as it can no more expand because of the absence of fuel and oxygen. Decoy is the longest stage of fire. Firefighters with the help of their equipment force fire to enter into the decay stage by limiting the oxygen supply. The potential danger of this stage includes is the risk and chances of starting a new fire if any potential combustibles are available. Hence this is critical to limit the fire’s access to any new combustible material to reduce the chances of ignition.

How do Dry Chemical Fire Extinguishers Work?

The chemical fire extinguisher is the market’s most common fire fighting equipment, mainly due to cost efficiency and effectiveness. It is widely used to extinguish flammable liquid fires, electrical fires and grease fires. It contains a chemical agent known as mono ammonium phosphate. This chemical agent is stored as a dry powder made up of tiny particles, but many types of fire extinguishers are on the market.


When a fire breaks out, the powder does not get extinguished by the heat of the fire. Instead, it gets dispersed in the air, about 15 to 20 feet near the fire. When this powder is exposed to oxygen, it becomes a gas and quickly extinguishes the fire. As the gas blankets the surface of the fire, it causes cooling and suffocation. It absorbs all the heat from the surface of the fire. This way, it prevents oxygen from reaching the core of the fire and hence puts out any possibility of re-ignition.



Classification of Different Fires


Classification of fire into three main categories and all these different types of fires that require different approaches to extinguish them, 

  1. Class A fires involve combustible materials like wood, paper or fabric. The most effective way to put out these kinds of fires is by using water.
  2. Class B fires, on the other hand, involve flammable liquids such as gasoline or oil. These kinds of fires can be extinguished by smothering them with dry chemicals or foam.
  3. Class C fires are electrical and occur when live electrical equipment comes in contact with combustible materials. The best way to prevent these kinds of fires is by cutting off the power supply and dousing it with water or foam.


Types of Material Used in Dry Chemical Fire Extinguishers


Many types of fire extinguishers are available in different price ranges on the market and ABC dry powder fire extinguishers and their three main types of powder used in dry chemical fire extinguishers are alumina-based, sodium bicarbonate-based, and potassium bicarbonate-based. Each type has its advantages and disadvantages, making it more or less suitable for specific applications.
  1. Alumina-Based Powders are the most effective at fighting fires involving highly flammable liquids like oils and petrol, but they can harm some electronics. 
  2. Sodium Bicarbonate-Based Powders are less effective against these fires, but they are much safer for use around sensitive equipment. 
  3. Potassium Bicarbonate-Based Powders fall between the two in terms of effectiveness and safety.
Dry chemical fire extinguishers are typically filled with one of these three types of powder. The type of powder used will depend on the intended application for the extinguisher. For example, an extinguisher in a kitchen would likely be filled with sodium bicarbonate-based powder. In contrast, one designed for use in a garage would likely be filled with alumina-based powder.


Working Procedure Of Chemical Fire Extinguishers


The working procedure of chemical fire extinguishers is relatively simple. When a fire breaks out, the operator needs to point the extinguisher at the base of the fire and discharge it. The chemicals inside the extinguisher will then be released and blanket the fire’s surface, suffocating it and causing it to cool down. This prevents oxygen from reaching the core of the fire and prevents any possibility of re-ignition.


One advantage of using chemical fire extinguishers is that they are relatively safe for use around sensitive equipment. This is because they do not rely on water to extinguish fires, which could potentially damage electronics. Another advantage is that they are very effective against common types of fires, such as those involving flammable liquids or electrical equipment.


However, there are some disadvantages to using chemical fire extinguishers as well. One is that they can harm some types of electronics if misused. Another is that They can also be dangerous to operators if used in enclosed spaces, as the chemicals released can cause respiratory problems.


Advantages of Chemical Fire Extinguishers


  1. Chemical fire extinguishers are relatively safe for use around sensitive equipment, which is a significant advantage. 
  2. They can also be quite effective against common fires, making them a suitable choice in many situations. 
  3. They are generally compact and easily can be placed in different places.
  4. This type of extinguisher forms a spray, one of the most effective extinguishing methods, combining travelling fuel fires.
  5. Please have a great potential to combat temperature and lower it from 200 degrees to 60 degrees celsius.
Also read :Why do Fire Extinguishers Need to be Serviced?


Conclusion


Dry chemical fire extinguishers are fire extinguishers that use chemicals to put out fires. They are effective against common types of fires, such as those involving flammable liquids or electrical equipment. However, they can be harmful to some types of electronics if misused, and they can also be dangerous to operators if used in enclosed spaces. 

What are Fire Alarm Initiating Devices?

Fire alarm systems help to protect many lives, hospitals, schools, hotels, kitchens, and businesses from the possibility of fire. It is quite simple to take them for granted and thus oversimplify them, fire alarm systems can be very complex networks as multiple components are interconnected. The most visible part of this complex system is fire alarm initiating devices. 


Fire Alarm Initiating

Fire alarm initiating devices detects the indication of potential fire and activates an alarm when the fire has just burst out. They are recognized as fire trigger systems. Initiating devices are connected to the control panel (Palex 20 Zone Fire Alarm Panel). When any device experiences some unusual activity then it gets activated and the control panel identifies the affected area. Then the control panel calls for an alarm to warn everyone and send a call for emergency response.


Fire Alarm Initiating Devices

They are categorized into two different Types: Automatic and Manual.  Automatic Devices are initiating automatically without any external help. If any unusual change occurs then these devices become active. Some Automatic devices are:

  • Palex Smoke Detectors
    :
    Smoke detector is designed to provide open area protection and to be used with the most conventional fire alarm panel.
  • Heat Detectors: Heat Detector is a fire alarm device designed to respond when the convected thermal energy of a fire increases the temperature of a heat-sensitive element. 
  • Fire Sprinkler Water flow: They are the best fire suppression system. They can easily extinguish small fires and prevent the spread of fire. Installing water sprinklers is the next level of security of lives and property. In hospitals, Water sprinklers are the best way to avoid fire incidents.
Among automatic devices, there are spot-type devices and linear-type devices. Spot devices are devices that only work for a particular area whereas linear types detectors cover a wide area of space and communicate to a single unit. A smoke detector is the example of Spot-type and a heat detection wire is the example of linear type.

Manual devices
are used manually by a person when an emergency occurs. The main element of these devices is the fire button. That can be pressed when a person sees any fire or emergency. Other devices that may help are fire extinguishers. A fire extinguisher is the best way to stop the fire from spreading and it may even help to control the fire. Different types of fire extinguishers are being used according to different causes of fire.
 

Also read :Fight the Fire or Evacuate: Know How to Make the Call

So these devices got active when the fire burst out and sent the signal to the control panel. This advanced security system has become a crucial part of any life to live a safe and secure life.
 

Fire Detection and Alarm Systems: A Brief Guide

Fire detection and alarm systems are one of the most important safety measures in any commercial or public building. They are designed to detect the presence of fire and provide fire alerts to the occupants so that they can evacuate the premises safely. In today’s world, they have become an ultimate requirement for the safety of humans and everything that is available on the premises of the buildings including residential, businesses, resorts and a lot more.


Purpose of Fire Alarm and Detection System


The working principle is quite simple and there are two main types of fire alarm systems: fire detection systems and sprinklers. fire detection systems are the most common type of fire alarm, and they work by detecting the presence of smoke in the air. Sprinklers are less common, but they are more effective at putting out fires. 


Fire Detection System


There are two main types of fire detection systems: those that use smoke detectors and those that use heat detectors. 
  • Smoke detectors work by constantly monitoring the air for particles of burning material, such as smoke, fumes or ashes. They come in two main types: ionization and photoelectric. 
  • Ionization smoke detectors work by detecting the presence of ions in the air, which are created when smoke particles enter the detector. 
  • Photoelectric smoke detectors work by detecting the presence of light particles in the air, which are created when smoke particles enter the detector. 
  • Heat detectors, on the other hand, have sensors that measure changes in temperature. 


Both types of systems have their advantages and disadvantages, which should be considered when choosing a system for a particular building. 


Smoke detectors are more sensitive than heat detectors and will therefore pick up fires at an earlier stage. This can give people more time to evacuate before the fire spreads and becomes dangerous. 


However, smoke detectors can also be triggered by other things besides fires, such as cooking fumes or dust particles, which can cause false alarms. Heat detectors, on the other hand, are not as easily triggered by non-fire-related things but they may not pick up the fire until it has already spread somewhat through a room or area. 


When choosing a fire detection system for a building, it is important to consider its purpose and how likely it is to experience false alarms. In some cases, a combination of both smoke and heat detector systems may be necessary to provide sufficient coverage and avoid disruptive false alarms.


Sprinklers

Sprinklers come in two main types: wet pipe and dry pipe. 


  1. Wet pipe sprinklers have water stored in them at all times, so that they can immediately begin spraying water when a fire is detected. 
  2. Dry pipe sprinklers have a valve that prevents water from entering the piping until a fire is detected, at which point the valve opens and water flows into the piping.



Advantages of Fire Detection and Alarm Systems


A well-designed and installed fire detection and alarm system is an important part of a building’s fire safety system. 
  1. Fire detection and alarm systems can provide early warning of a developing fire, allowing occupants to safely evacuate the premises before the fire spreads. 
  2. In many cases, automatic sprinkler systems are also linked to the fire detection and alarm system so that they activate when a fire is detected, suppressing or extinguishing the fire before it has a chance to spread. This can significantly reduce damage to property as well as the risk of injury or death. 

Also read :Do Not Keep Your Fire Escape Plans a Secret


Conclusion


The decision of whether to install a fire detection and alarm system and which type of system to choose depends on many factors.  Cost, the likelihood of false alarms, the need for spray suppression or extinguishing, and the risk of tampering are all important considerations. With so many different types of systems on the market, it is advisable to seek professional advice to ensure you select the most suitable option for your needs. 

Do Not Keep Your Fire Escape Plans a Secret

Fire outbreaks are not new; even if a building has top-notch fire preventive measures, there is some loss of property and even lives. More than the property, lives are important, and the people themselves can make their way out before a fire outbreak with the right training. 


Each commercial building must have Fire Safety Equipment and fire escape plans that can help people keep themselves safe. However, it is not good to post it somewhere where no one can read it or even see it. Everyone working there should know about the fire escape plans and hence it should not be kept a secret. 



In this article, we have highlighted some places where you can post the fire escape plans so a maximum number of people can read them. Now let’s get started. 


Elevators 

Daily, a lot of people use elevators, and it becomes a habit. However, during fire outbreaks, it’s not a good idea to use elevators as they might stop within some time, leaving the people strangled inside.  Therefore, the fire escape plans should be posted near elevators to prevent people from using them and guiding them towards the exit.  

Break Rooms 

There will be no worker who has never visited the break room once at any workplace. Therefore, the breaks rooms or even the washrooms are the best places to post-fire escape plans.  Most people take a break, nap, have lunch there, and will have a lot of time to read those fire escape plans and most probably remember them. Hence, it’s better to post the fire escape plan there. 

Working Place

The working place is the best to post the fire escape plans, as the people in any office will be there most of the time. However, not everyone has time to read those plans if in case any fire detection system detects fire outbreak, every worker can at least read those and can make their way out to a safer location. 

Near the Main Entrance 

As most of the visitors come through the main entrance of any building, the fire escape plans must be posted there. People waiting for someone have a lot of time and will read those instructions and at least know what should be done during fires. 

Where the Exit is Not Seen 

In any office setting, there are some points where the exit cannot be seen, and if there is no direction given, people may get panicked. To avoid this, there should be fire escape plans posted over there with the direction towards the exit so people can easily evacuate the building. 
Also read :Fight the Fire or Evacuate: Know How to Make the Call

Conclusion 

Like a Fire alarm system, fire escape plans are crucial for keeping people out of danger in a building. Hence, every building should have one. And if they have one, the plan should be posted on every prime location so everyone can read and remember them easily. Hence, do not keep your fire escape plans a secret so everyone can be safe. Lastly, we hope you have found the information you were searching for, and it was useful for you. 

How to Create a Fire Evacuation Plan

An appropriate strategy in place when a fire breaks out could save many lives and property. A fire risk assessment helps you to maintain the safety and standard in your building that include Fire Detection System, Fire Control Panel. Still, a fire evacuation plan is also crucial for any premises to save lives. As the responsible person for your building, it is your responsibility to install and execute a safe evacuation plan in any emergency. Read out the whole article to know how to create a fire evacuation plan.

Also Read: Fire Safety for Renters: Protecting Your Home and Belongings


What is a Fire Evacuation Plan?

A fire emergency evacuation plan (FEEP) is the actions to be followed upon a fire being discovered or an alarm raised. This plan should be easy to understand to be easily adopted. Some strategies are:
  • A Simultaneous evacuation where everyone exits the building
  • To avoid a bottleneck in the escape routes, vertical phased evacuation where only floors at immediate risk are evacuated.
  • Staff Alarm evacuation so that staff can adopt the best plan to safeguard the lives in the building.

What Should be Included in a Fire Evacuation Plan?

It generally depends on the building you have, but there are many key ingredients that all plans must include.
  • Passageways for all escape routes should be clear and accessible.
  • Clear signage for escape routes
  • Emergency doors should be kept in good working order
  • Adequate routes and exists for the number of people
  • Fire safety training for the employees to adopt the best and safe plan.
  • A designated safe meeting point away from the building

Fire Evacuation Plans for…

Schools

In schools, Fire drill training to students helps them prepare for any emergency case. This allows all the students not to panic and safely exit the building. The evacuation plan must be according to the number of students. Those with disabilities or mobility issues should also be considered while designing the escape plan. Also, check out the best fire extinguishers that can help you deal with separate fires.

Hotels

Depending on the hotel or accommodation size, the plan and procedure differ. All hotels have one thing in common: guests are unfamiliar with the building. This means it requires clear signage so that guests won’t find any difficulty while escaping the building.

Hospitals

Hospitals need special attention to check whether there is compartmentalization to protect vulnerable patients and residents who cannot move without support. Even in hospitals, signs should be displayed clearly. Also Read: How Can You Help Fire Safety In Your School?

Evaluate Your Plan for Those With Disabilities

Your fire evacuation plan should cater to all people, including people with disabilities. There are several factors to be considered, from hidden disabilities to mobility issues. A personal emergency evacuation plan (PEEP) must be needed to ensure that all people working in the building feel safe. Especially for hospitals and care homes, Fire evacuation plans need exceptional guidance and attention.

10 Common Fire Extinguisher Mistakes You Should Avoid

While fire extinguishers are designed to be user-friendly, people still make some common mistakes when using them. To ensure that you know how to use a fire extinguisher properly, avoid these mistakes:
  • Not knowing How to Use the Fire Extinguisher: One of the most common mistakes people make is not knowing how to use the fire extinguisher. This is a serious mistake, as it can mean the difference between putting out a fire and making it worse. Make sure to familiarize yourself with the fire extinguisher before using it.
  • Using the Wrong Type of Fire Extinguisher: Another common mistake is using the wrong type of fire extinguisher. There are different types of fire extinguishers for different types of fires. Make sure to check the label on the fire extinguisher to ensure that you are using the right type.
  • Not Aiming the Fire Extinguisher Properly: Another common mistake is not aiming the fire extinguisher properly. When using a fire extinguisher, you need to aim the nozzle at the base of the fire. This will ensure that the extinguishing agent is delivered to the source of the fire.
  • Not Using the Fire Extinguisher Properly: Another common mistake is not using the fire extinguisher properly. Make sure to follow the instructions on the fire extinguisher. This will ensure that you are using it correctly.
  • Not Having the Fire Extinguisher in the Right Place: Another common mistake is not having the fire extinguisher in the right place. Make sure to keep the fire extinguisher in a location that is easily accessible in the event of a fire.
  • Not Reading the Instructions: Even if you think you know how to use a fire extinguisher, it’s important to read the instructions before using it. The instructions will tell you the best way to use the fire extinguisher for the situation you’re in.
  • Not Maintaining Fire Extinguishers: Just like any other piece of equipment, fire extinguishers need to be regularly maintained. Check the pressure gauge to make sure the fire extinguisher is fully charged. Inspect it for any damage, and make sure the nozzle is not obstructed.
  • Using it too Late: One of the most common mistakes people make with fire extinguishers is waiting too long to use them. If you wait until the fire is out of control, it will be too late. If you see a fire, use your fire extinguisher right away.
  • Using it When it’s not Needed: Even though fire extinguishers are designed to be user-friendly, people still make some common mistakes when using them. Sometimes people use fire extinguishers when it’s not necessary, such as when there’s a small fire that could easily be extinguished with water. If you’re not sure whether or not you should use a fire extinguisher, err on the side of caution and don’t use it.
  • Forgetting to Recharge or Replace it: Another mistake people make is forgetting to recharge or replace their fire extinguishers. Just like any other piece of equipment, fire extinguishers need to be regularly maintained. If you use your fire extinguisher, make sure to recharge or replace it as soon as possible. By doing so, you’ll be prepared in the event of a future fire.

Also read :How Do I Know If My Fire Extinguisher Needs to Be Recharged?

Final Words

While fire extinguishers are a great tool to have in the event of a fire, it’s important to be familiar with them before using them. There are some common mistakes that people make when using fire extinguishers, such as using the wrong type, not aiming properly, and not using them properly. Make sure to familiarize yourself with fire extinguishers before using them, so that you can use them correctly in the event of a fire.

Fire Prevention

Introduction

Fire is a deadly weapon. It can destroy lives and property. So we have to adapt some prevention to avoid such a disaster.

Continue reading “Fire Prevention”